Specificity of Social Anxiety and Mood Disorder as a Risk Factor for Drug Dependence

Abstract

Background: Drug dependence is a significant global health issue, and Bangladesh is no exception. Rising drug addiction, particularly among youth, is a growing concern with various familial and social factors contributing to this problem. Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between anxiety, mood disorders, and drug dependence in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh, focusing on the socio-demographic factors influencing addiction. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Out-patient Department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital & APOSH from July 2014 to June 2021. A total of 244 drug-dependent individuals were randomly selected. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire on socio-demographics, drug usage, and mental health conditions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (IBM version 22), with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: Among 244 participants (100% male), 87% used Buprenorphine, followed by 71% using Heroin and 41% using Cannabis. The mean age was 39.95 ± 12.07 years. Regarding mental health, 37% of participants had only primary education, and 16% were severely depressed. Anxiety was profound in 66% of participants, with a significant 31% suffering from both severe anxiety and depression. Standard deviations of anxiety and depression levels were 1.75 ± 0.63 and 1.86 ± 0.68 respectively. Chi-square test revealed a strong relationship between socio-demographic factors (age, education, drug usage frequency) and anxiety/depression disorders (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The study highlights the severe impact of anxiety and mood disorders on drug-dependent individuals, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address mental health issues and substance abuse simultaneously.