Formula Feeding Trends among Bangladeshi Parents of Infants Aged 0–6Months: Reasons and Consequences

Abstract

Background: Formula feeding among Bangladeshi parents of infants aged 0–6 months is increasing despite the World Health Organization's recommendation for exclusive breastfeeding. Factors like perceived insufficient breast milk, socio-cultural influences, and aggressive formula marketing contribute to this trend. Objectives: To assess formula feeding trends, explore underlying reasons, and evaluate associated health consequences among Bangladeshi infants aged 0–6 months. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2023 to April 2024 at the Department of Pediatrics, 250 Bedded District Sadar Hospital, Sherpur, involving 812 parents of infants aged 0–6 months. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive statistics summarized demographic and feeding practices, while chi-square tests assessed associations. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained before data collection. Result: The study found that 54.2% of mothers cited lack of confidence in breastfeeding as the main reason for formula feeding, followed by convenience (28.1%) and medical conditions (17.7%). 69% used powdered formula, while 43.1% reported digestive issues in infants. Formula feeding frequency was highest at 3–4 times/day (42.8%). Aggressive marketing influenced 249 parents, and 37% had a positive attitude toward formula feeding, while 26.7% preferred breastfeeding. Conclusion: Formula feeding among Bangladeshi parents is driven by perceived milk insufficiency and convenience, often leading to infant health issues.