Dominance Patterns of the Coronary Arteries in Normal Adult Bangladeshis: Insights from an Anatomical Assessment

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery dominance, defined by the artery supplying the posterior descending artery (PDA), is a key anatomical feature that influences myocardial perfusion and has important clinical implications. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of coronary artery dominance among normal adult Bangladeshis. Methods: This cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January to December 2020, involving 35 adult Bangladeshi males and 35 adult Bangladeshi females aged 20 to 70 years. All data were analysed using SPSS version 26.0. Result: Right coronary artery (RCA) dominance was the most common pattern, observed in 64.3% of participants, while left circumflex artery (LCx) dominance occurred in 22.9% and co-dominance in 12.9%. Age-wise analysis showed that RCA dominance remained predominant across all age groups, with a slight increase in LCx dominance and co-dominance in the 40–59 years group. Gender-wise comparison revealed no significant differences between males and females in coronary dominance patterns. Conclusion: Right coronary artery dominance is the most prevalent pattern among normal adult Bangladeshis, while left circumflex dominance and co-dominance are less common. The dominance pattern did not differ significantly between males and females, and age-wise distribution showed consistent predominance of right dominance across all age groups.