Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial pathogens in Urinary Tract Infection

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections, primarily caused by Escherichia coli. Increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) complicates treatment, particularly with E. coli and other uropathogens like Klebsiella pneumoniae. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains poses significant challenges in clinical management. This study aims to assess the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of uropathogens and evaluate the demographic, clinical, and risk factor profiles of UTI patients at Private Clinic Chamber, Sylhet Region. This observational study was conducted at Private Clinic Chamber in Sylhet Region from May 2023 to April 2024. The study included 356 adult UTI patients, diagnosed by urine culture. Demographic data were collected via structured interviews, while bacterial pathogens were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Data were analysed using SPSS, employing descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Ethical approval was obtained, and written informed consent was taken from all participants. Among 356 adult UTI patients, females predominated (66.3%), with most aged over 40. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (59%), showing high sensitivity to meropenem (95%) and nitrofurantoin (85%), but notable resistance to ciprofloxacin and TMP/SMX. Multidrug resistance was highest in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (60%). Carbapenems had the best empirical treatment response (95%), while TMP/SMX showed the least effectiveness (35%). UTIs remain a global concern, with rising antimicrobial resistance complicating treatment and necessitating alternative therapies for multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing strains.