Relationship of Histological Classes with Renal Functional Status of Lupus Nephritis Patient

Abstract

Objectives: Lupus nephritis is one of SLE's more common and serious manifestations. It is regarded as both a strong predictor and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The presence of lupus nephritis reduces survival from 92% to 88% at 10 years. So, it is very important to know the histological classes for appropriate therapeutic intervention of lupus patients. Therefore, this study has been conducted to determine the relation between the histological classes and renal functional status. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive type study carried out in the Department of Nephrology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, from January 2013 to December 2014. After taking history, clinical examination, and relevant investigations, including biopsy, 30 (thirty) lupus patients who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. The data were analyzed with the help of SPSS software program version 16.0. Descriptive analytical techniques involving frequency distribution, computation of percentage, mean, SD, etc., were applied. Association between variables was conducted by applying the chi-square & ANOVA test. P-value <0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results: Mean (±SD) age of the patients were 26.07 (±10.29) with a range from15-29 years, male-female ratio was 1:14. Histological classes were class-IV (46.7%), class-III & class-V both were (20%) and class-II (13.3%) no patient of class-I & class IV. The mean urinary total protein was 4.3(±4.57) with a range of 0.2 to 14.7, and the mean serum creatinine level was 1.24 (±0.52) mg/dl with a range of 0.6 to 2.9. The difference in histological classes about UTP & serum creatinine was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The relationship between histological classes and renal functional status was found to be insignificant, indicating that occult lupus nephritis may exist even without typical laboratory findings that suggest renal disease.