Long-Term Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Young Bangladeshi Patients with Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a progressive condition leading to joint collapse and severe pain, particularly in young adults. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the standard treatment for advanced AVN, offering pain relief and functional restoration. Objectives: Evaluate long-term outcomes of THA in young Bangladeshi patients with AVN, focusing on pain relief, function, complications, and quality of life. Method and Materials: This retrospective cohort study includes young adults aged 18-45 with AVN of the femoral head who underwent THA at Dhaka Medical College Hospital between July 2021 and June 2022. Data on demographics, clinical history, surgical outcomes, and complications will be collected. Functional recovery will be assessed using the Harris Hip Score at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Statistical analysis will utilize SPSS version 25. Results: The study found that most patients were aged 26-35 years (35.7%), predominantly male (66.7%), with office workers representing 42.9%. Avascular necrosis symptoms were present for 6-12 months in 35.7% of patients. Comorbidities were common, with hypertension (28.6%) and diabetes (21.4%) most prevalent. Surgical complications were rare, with dislocation (11.9%) being the most frequent. Post-surgery, 83.3% reported significant pain relief, and 71.5% had good to excellent functional outcomes. Conclusion: This study has highlighted the outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in young Bangladeshi patients with avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head, emphasizing the effectiveness of the procedure in improving both pain relief and functional recovery.