Impact of Non–Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) on Biochemical Parameters of Patients

Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a growing health concern globally, with varying prevalence and severity. This study aimed to investigate the demographic distribution, severity grading, associated risk factors, and biochemical profiles in patients with NAFLD. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Comilla Medical College and Hospital, involving 50 adult patients diagnosed with NAFLD. The study assessed demographic characteristics, NAFLD grading through ultrasound, and the association of risk factors and biochemical markers with NAFLD severity. Result: The study cohort had a higher representation of older adults (56% aged 55 years or older) and females (64%). The majority of participants (54%) were diagnosed with Grade 1 NAFLD, while Grades 2 and 3 were observed in 32% and 14% of participants, respectively. Significant associations were found between higher NAFLD grades and risk factors such as hypertension, BMI ≥ 23 kg/m^2, and a weight-to-height ratio >0.8. Elevated levels of total cholesterol, ALT, AST, and ALP were significantly associated with higher NAFLD grades, whereas HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides levels did not show a significant correlation with disease severity. Conclusion: This study underscores the prevalence of NAFLD in older adults and females, with a higher occurrence of less severe disease forms. The progression of NAFLD severity is closely linked with specific risk factors and biochemical markers. These findings highlight the importance of considering demographic characteristics and individual risk profiles in the management and treatment of NAFLD.