Precutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) Under Spinal Anaesthesia: Challenges and Strategies with Safety, Efficacy, and Patient Outcomes

This study evaluates the outcomes of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) performed under spinal anaesthesia. We analyze The Challenges and Strategies with safety, efficacy, and patient satisfaction associated with this anaesthetic technique, comparing it to general anaesthesia in both Supine and prone position terms of complications, recovery time, and patient comfort. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Shahjalal Hospital Sylhet, analyzing outcomes of PCNL under spinal anaesthesia over 2 years. Data collected included patient demographics, stone characteristics, procedural details, complications, and recovery metrics. Results: A total of 144 patients underwent PCNL under spinal anaesthesia. The overall success rate was 90%, with a complication rate of 7%. Patient satisfaction was high, with an average postoperative pain score of 4/10 and an average recovery time of 2 hours. Conclusion: PCNL under spinal anaesthesia is a safe and effective alternative to general anaesthesia, offering advantages in recovery and patient comfort.